Medroxyprogesterone (MPA), also known by the brand name Provera, is a synthetic progestin hormone with various uses in women's health. However, its effects on pregnancy are potentially harmful and it should not be taken while pregnant. Here's a breakdown of how MPA can affect pregnancy:
1. Preventing Pregnancy: MPA primarily works by suppressing ovulation, thus preventing pregnancy from occurring in the first place. It is used in various forms like pills, injections, and implants for contraception.
2. Impact on Existing Pregnancy: If you become pregnant while taking MPA, its effects depend on various factors like:
- Dose: Lower doses (2.5mg-10mg) are less likely to cause harm compared to higher ones.
- Duration: Prolonged exposure to MPA increases the potential risks.
- Trimester of exposure: Exposure in the first trimester carries the highest risk for potential birth defects.
Potential Risks:
- Increased risk of birth defects: Studies suggest a potential link between MPA exposure in the first trimester and specific birth defects like hypospadias (in male babies), clitoral enlargement, and labial fusion (in female babies). However, the overall risk is relatively low, and a definitive connection is still under investigation.
- Ectopic pregnancy: Women using MPA injections who become pregnant are at a higher risk of ectopic pregnancy, which occurs outside the uterus and requires immediate medical attention.
- Low birth weight and neonatal death: Infants exposed to MPA, particularly in the later stages of pregnancy, may have a slightly increased risk of low birth weight and neonatal death.
Important Precautions:
- Do not take MPA if you are pregnant or suspect pregnancy.
- If you become pregnant while taking MPA, stop immediately and consult your doctor.
- Discuss your pregnancy plans with your doctor before starting or continuing MPA therapy.
Remember, the information provided here is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized guidance regarding MPA and its potential impact on your specific situation.
